Merge branch 'add-operations'

16 files changed, 924 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj b/ios/MullvadVPN.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
index fed0afca2b..307a474a1b 100644
--- a/ios/MullvadVPN.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
@@ -10,6 +10,34 @@
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 		5807E2C3243203E700F5FF30 /* String+Split.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 5807E2BF2432038B00F5FF30 /* String+Split.swift */; };
+		580EE20124B321D500F9D8A1 /* OperationProtocol.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20024B321D500F9D8A1 /* OperationProtocol.swift */; };
+		580EE20224B321DB00F9D8A1 /* OperationProtocol.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20024B321D500F9D8A1 /* OperationProtocol.swift */; };
+		580EE20424B321EC00F9D8A1 /* OperationObserver.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20324B321EC00F9D8A1 /* OperationObserver.swift */; };
+		580EE20624B3222200F9D8A1 /* ExclusivityController.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20524B3222200F9D8A1 /* ExclusivityController.swift */; };
+		580EE20724B3222400F9D8A1 /* ExclusivityController.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20524B3222200F9D8A1 /* ExclusivityController.swift */; };
+		580EE20924B3224200F9D8A1 /* RetryOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20824B3224200F9D8A1 /* RetryOperation.swift */; };
+		580EE20A24B3224200F9D8A1 /* RetryOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20824B3224200F9D8A1 /* RetryOperation.swift */; };
+		580EE20C24B3225F00F9D8A1 /* DelayOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20B24B3225F00F9D8A1 /* DelayOperation.swift */; };
+		580EE20D24B3225F00F9D8A1 /* DelayOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20B24B3225F00F9D8A1 /* DelayOperation.swift */; };
+		580EE20F24B322E700F9D8A1 /* TransformOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20E24B322E700F9D8A1 /* TransformOperation.swift */; };
+		580EE21024B322E700F9D8A1 /* TransformOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE20E24B322E700F9D8A1 /* TransformOperation.swift */; };
+		580EE21224B322FC00F9D8A1 /* ResultOperation.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE21124B322FC00F9D8A1 /* ResultOperation.swift */; };
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+		580EE21624B3231200F9D8A1 /* OperationBlockObserver.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 580EE21424B3231200F9D8A1 /* OperationBlockObserver.swift */; };
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@@ -365,6 +410,28 @@
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 				58FD5BF42428C67600112C88 /* InAppPurchaseButton.swift in Sources */,
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 				58F840AF2464382C0044E708 /* KeychainItemRevision.swift in Sources */,
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+				580EE20124B321D500F9D8A1 /* OperationProtocol.swift in Sources */,
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 				5888AD89227B18C40051EB06 /* RelayList.swift in Sources */,
 				587AD7C623421D7000E93A53 /* TunnelConfiguration.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE21824B3235100F9D8A1 /* AnyOperationObserver.swift in Sources */,
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 				58FAEDFF24533A7000CB0F5B /* KeychainReturn.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE20C24B3225F00F9D8A1 /* DelayOperation.swift in Sources */,
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 				58BFA5C222A7C92900A6173D /* JsonRpc.swift in Sources */,
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 				58C6B35122BB7CFD003C19AD /* IPAddressRange.swift in Sources */,
 				587AD7C723421D8600E93A53 /* TunnelConfiguration.swift in Sources */,
+				58F3C0962492617E003E76BE /* AsyncOperation.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE22924B3289300F9D8A1 /* AssociatedValue.swift in Sources */,
 				58BFA5C322A7C93400A6173D /* RelayList.swift in Sources */,
 				58AEEF662344A37400C9BBD5 /* KeychainError.swift in Sources */,
 				587AD7C82342237300E93A53 /* TunnelManager.swift in Sources */,
 				5840250222B1124600E4CFEC /* IpAddress+Codable.swift in Sources */,
 				58BA693223EAE1AE009DC256 /* SimulatorTunnelProvider.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE21924B3235100F9D8A1 /* AnyOperationObserver.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE21324B322FC00F9D8A1 /* ResultOperation.swift in Sources */,
 				58C6B36522C10596003C19AD /* AnyIPEndpoint+Wireguard.swift in Sources */,
 				58CE5E7C224146470008646E /* PacketTunnelProvider.swift in Sources */,
 				58FAEDF1245069CA00CB0F5B /* KeychainAttributes.swift in Sources */,
@@ -912,6 +1002,7 @@
 				58B8743B22B788D200015324 /* PacketTunnelSettingsGenerator.swift in Sources */,
 				5860F1EB23AA4CF300CEA666 /* Logging.swift in Sources */,
 				5860F1C223A785C600CEA666 /* WireguardDevice.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE21624B3231200F9D8A1 /* OperationBlockObserver.swift in Sources */,
 				58C6B35522BB87C4003C19AD /* WireguardPrivateKey.swift in Sources */,
 				58FAEE0424533AC000CB0F5B /* KeychainClass.swift in Sources */,
 				58AEEF6C2344A49D00C9BBD5 /* TunnelConfigurationManager.swift in Sources */,
@@ -920,18 +1011,25 @@
 				582650872384117900FA7A86 /* ReplaceNilWithError.swift in Sources */,
 				58BFA5C722A7C97F00A6173D /* RelayCache.swift in Sources */,
 				58BFA5C022A7C8A900A6173D /* MullvadRpc.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE21024B322E700F9D8A1 /* TransformOperation.swift in Sources */,
 				58906DE02445C7A5002F0673 /* NEProviderStopReason+Debug.swift in Sources */,
 				584E96BD240FD4DA00D3334F /* Location.swift in Sources */,
 				58FAEDF8245088E100CB0F5B /* Keychain.swift in Sources */,
 				58C6B36122C0EC82003C19AD /* AnyIPEndpoint+DNS64.swift in Sources */,
 				58F840B32464491D0044E708 /* ChainedError.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE20A24B3224200F9D8A1 /* RetryOperation.swift in Sources */,
 				58C6B36722C106FC003C19AD /* WireguardCommand.swift in Sources */,
 				58561C9A239A5D1500BD6B5E /* IPEndpoint.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE22524B3243100F9D8A1 /* AsyncBlockOperation.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE20D24B3225F00F9D8A1 /* DelayOperation.swift in Sources */,
 				588534BF246193D90018B744 /* AutomaticKeyRotationManager.swift in Sources */,
 				584B26FF237435A90073B10E /* RelaySelector+RelayCache.swift in Sources */,
 				58781CCE22AE8918009B9D8E /* RelayConstraints.swift in Sources */,
 				58781CD522AFBA39009B9D8E /* RelaySelector.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE21C24B3236900F9D8A1 /* InputOperation.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE22224B3240100F9D8A1 /* TransformOperationObserver.swift in Sources */,
 				5845F843236CBDAB00B2D93C /* PacketTunnelIpc.swift in Sources */,
+				580EE22624B3245600F9D8A1 /* OperationObserver.swift in Sources */,
 			);
 			runOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing = 0;
 		};
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AnyOperationObserver.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AnyOperationObserver.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72f98a92f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AnyOperationObserver.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//
+//  AnyOperationObserver.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+class AnyOperationObserver<OperationType: OperationProtocol>: OperationBlockObserver<OperationType> {
+    init<T: OperationObserver>(_ observer: T) where T.OperationType == OperationType {
+        super.init(willFinish: observer.operationWillFinish, didFinish: observer.operationDidFinish)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AssociatedValue.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AssociatedValue.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f197086de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AssociatedValue.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//
+//  AssociatedValue.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// A container type for storing associated values
+final class AssociatedValue<T>: NSObject {
+    let value: T
+    init(_ value: T) {
+        self.value = value
+    }
+
+    class func get(object: Any, key: UnsafeRawPointer) -> T? {
+        let container = objc_getAssociatedObject(object, key) as? Self
+        return container?.value
+    }
+
+    class func set(object: Any, key: UnsafeRawPointer, value: T?) {
+        objc_setAssociatedObject(
+            object,
+            key,
+            value.flatMap { AssociatedValue($0) },
+            .OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC
+        )
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AsyncBlockOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AsyncBlockOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8f4287b32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AsyncBlockOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//
+//  AsyncBlockOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// Asynchronous block operation
+class AsyncBlockOperation: AsyncOperation {
+    private let block: (@escaping () -> Void) -> Void
+
+    init(_ block: @escaping (@escaping () -> Void) -> Void) {
+        self.block = block
+        super.init()
+    }
+
+    override func main() {
+        self.block { [weak self] in
+            self?.finish()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AsyncOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AsyncOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98a5f8aa39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/AsyncOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+//
+//  AsyncOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 01/06/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// A base implementation of an asynchronous operation
+class AsyncOperation: Operation, OperationProtocol {
+
+    /// A state lock used for manipulating the operation state flags in a thread safe fashion.
+    fileprivate let stateLock = NSRecursiveLock()
+
+    /// Operation state flags.
+    private var _isExecuting = false
+    private var _isFinished = false
+    private var _isCancelled = false
+
+    final override var isExecuting: Bool {
+        return stateLock.withCriticalBlock { _isExecuting }
+    }
+
+    final override var isFinished: Bool {
+        return stateLock.withCriticalBlock { _isFinished }
+    }
+
+    final override var isCancelled: Bool {
+        return stateLock.withCriticalBlock { _isCancelled }
+    }
+
+    final override var isAsynchronous: Bool {
+        return true
+    }
+
+    final override func start() {
+        stateLock.withCriticalBlock {
+            if self._isCancelled {
+                self.finish()
+            } else {
+                self.setExecuting(true)
+                self.main()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    override func main() {
+        // Override in subclasses
+    }
+
+    /// Cancel operation
+    /// Subclasses should override `operationDidCancel` instead
+    final override func cancel() {
+        stateLock.withCriticalBlock {
+            if !self._isCancelled {
+                self.setCancelled(true)
+
+                if self._isExecuting {
+                    self.operationDidCancel()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Override in subclasses to support task cancellation.
+    /// Subclasses should call `finish()` to complete the operation
+    func operationDidCancel() {
+        // no-op
+    }
+
+    final func finish() {
+        stateLock.withCriticalBlock {
+            if !self._isFinished {
+                self.observers.forEach { $0.operationWillFinish(self) }
+            }
+
+            if self._isExecuting {
+                self.setExecuting(false)
+            }
+
+            if !self._isFinished {
+                self.setFinished(true)
+                self.observers.forEach { $0.operationDidFinish(self) }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func setExecuting(_ value: Bool) {
+        willChangeValue(for: \.isExecuting)
+        _isExecuting = value
+        didChangeValue(for: \.isExecuting)
+    }
+
+    private func setFinished(_ value: Bool) {
+        willChangeValue(for: \.isFinished)
+        _isFinished = value
+        didChangeValue(for: \.isFinished)
+    }
+
+    private func setCancelled(_ value: Bool) {
+        willChangeValue(for: \.isCancelled)
+        _isCancelled = value
+        didChangeValue(for: \.isCancelled)
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Observation
+
+    /// The operation observers.
+    fileprivate var observers: [AnyOperationObserver<AsyncOperation>] = []
+
+    /// Add type-erased operation observer
+    fileprivate func addAnyObserver(_ observer: AnyOperationObserver<AsyncOperation>) {
+        stateLock.withCriticalBlock {
+            self.observers.append(observer)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// This extension exists because Swift has some issues to infer the
+extension OperationProtocol where Self: AsyncOperation {
+    func addObserver<T: OperationObserver>(_ observer: T) where T.OperationType == Self {
+        let transform = TransformOperationObserver<AsyncOperation>(observer)
+        let wrapped = AnyOperationObserver(transform)
+        addAnyObserver(wrapped)
+    }
+}
+
+
+protocol OperationSubclassing {
+    /// Use this method in subclasses or extensions where you would like to synchronize
+    /// the class members access using the same lock used for guarding from race conditions
+    /// when managing operation state.
+    func synchronized<T>(_ body: () -> T) -> T
+}
+
+extension AsyncOperation: OperationSubclassing {
+    func synchronized<T>(_ body: () -> T) -> T {
+        return stateLock.withCriticalBlock(body)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/DelayOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/DelayOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80719b573d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/DelayOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+//
+//  DelayOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+enum DelayTimerType {
+    case deadline
+    case walltime
+}
+
+class DelayOperation: AsyncOperation {
+    private let delay: TimeInterval
+    private let timerType: DelayTimerType
+    private var timer: DispatchSourceTimer?
+
+    init(delay: TimeInterval, timerType: DelayTimerType) {
+        self.delay = delay
+        self.timerType = timerType
+    }
+
+    override func main() {
+        let timer = DispatchSource.makeTimerSource()
+        timer.setEventHandler { [weak self] in
+            self?.finish()
+        }
+
+        switch timerType {
+        case .deadline:
+            timer.schedule(deadline: DispatchTime.now() + delay)
+        case .walltime:
+            timer.schedule(wallDeadline: DispatchWallTime.now() + delay)
+        }
+
+        self.timer = timer
+        timer.activate()
+    }
+
+    override func operationDidCancel() {
+        timer?.cancel()
+        timer = nil
+        finish()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/ExclusivityController.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/ExclusivityController.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e18516869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/ExclusivityController.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//
+//  ExclusivityController.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+class ExclusivityController<Category> where Category: Hashable {
+    private let operationQueue: OperationQueue
+    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
+
+    private var operations: [Category: [Operation]] = [:]
+    private var observers: [Operation: NSObjectProtocol] = [:]
+
+    init(operationQueue: OperationQueue) {
+        self.operationQueue = operationQueue
+    }
+
+    func addOperation(_ operation: Operation, categories: [Category]) {
+        addOperations([operation], categories: categories)
+    }
+
+    func addOperations(_ operations: [Operation], categories: [Category]) {
+        lock.withCriticalBlock {
+            for operation in operations {
+                for category in categories {
+                    addDependencies(operation: operation, category: category)
+                }
+
+                observers[operation] = operation.observe(\.isFinished, options: [.initial, .new]) { [weak self] (op, change) in
+                    if let isFinished = change.newValue, isFinished {
+                        self?.operationDidFinish(op, categories: categories)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            operationQueue.addOperations(operations, waitUntilFinished: false)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func addDependencies(operation: Operation, category: Category) {
+        var exclusiveOperations = self.operations[category] ?? []
+
+        if let dependency = exclusiveOperations.last, !operation.dependencies.contains(dependency) {
+            operation.addDependency(dependency)
+        }
+
+        exclusiveOperations.append(operation)
+        self.operations[category] = exclusiveOperations
+    }
+
+    private func operationDidFinish(_ operation: Operation, categories: [Category]) {
+        lock.withCriticalBlock {
+            for category in categories {
+                var exclusiveOperations = self.operations[category] ?? []
+
+                exclusiveOperations.removeAll { (storedOperation) -> Bool in
+                    return operation == storedOperation
+                }
+
+                self.operations[category] = exclusiveOperations
+            }
+            self.observers.removeValue(forKey: operation)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/InputOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/InputOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1c9d6931d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/InputOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//
+//  InputOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+protocol InputOperation: OperationProtocol {
+    associatedtype Input
+
+    /// When overriding `input` in Subclasses, make sure to call `operationDidSetInput`
+    var input: Input? { get set }
+
+    func operationDidSetInput(_ input: Input?)
+}
+
+private var kInputOperationAssociatedValue = 0
+extension InputOperation where Self: OperationSubclassing {
+    var input: Input? {
+        get {
+            return synchronized {
+                return AssociatedValue.get(object: self, key: &kInputOperationAssociatedValue)
+            }
+        }
+        set {
+            synchronized {
+                AssociatedValue.set(object: self, key: &kInputOperationAssociatedValue, value: newValue)
+
+                operationDidSetInput(newValue)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    func operationDidSetInput(_ input: Input?) {
+        // Override in subclasses
+    }
+}
+
+extension InputOperation {
+
+    @discardableResult func inject<Dependency>(from dependency: Dependency, via block: @escaping (Dependency.Output) -> Input?) -> Self
+        where Dependency: OutputOperation
+    {
+        let observer = OperationBlockObserver<Dependency>(willFinish: { [weak self] (operation) in
+            guard let self = self else { return }
+
+            if let output = operation.output {
+                self.input = block(output)
+            }
+        })
+        dependency.addObserver(observer)
+        addDependency(dependency)
+
+        return self
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult func injectResult<Dependency>(from dependency: Dependency) -> Self
+        where Dependency: OutputOperation, Dependency.Output == Input?
+    {
+        return self.inject(from: dependency, via: { $0 })
+    }
+
+    /// Inject input from operation that outputs `Result<Input, Failure>`
+    @discardableResult func injectResult<Dependency, Failure>(from dependency: Dependency) -> Self
+        where Dependency: OutputOperation, Failure: Error, Dependency.Output == Result<Input, Failure>
+    {
+        return self.inject(from: dependency) { (output) -> Input? in
+            switch output {
+            case .success(let value):
+                return value
+            case .failure:
+                return nil
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Inject input from operation that outputs `Result<Input, Never>`
+    @discardableResult func injectResult<Dependency>(from dependency: Dependency) -> Self
+        where Dependency: OutputOperation, Dependency.Output == Result<Input, Never>
+    {
+        return self.inject(from: dependency) { (output) -> Input? in
+            switch output {
+            case .success(let value):
+                return value
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Inject input from operation that outputs `Result<Input?, Never>`
+    @discardableResult func injectResult<Dependency>(from dependency: Dependency) -> Self
+        where Dependency: OutputOperation, Dependency.Output == Result<Input?, Never>
+    {
+        return self.inject(from: dependency) { (output) -> Input? in
+            switch output {
+            case .success(let value):
+                return value
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationBlockObserver.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationBlockObserver.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..728e9a5a02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationBlockObserver.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//
+//  OperationBlockObserver.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+class OperationBlockObserver<OperationType: OperationProtocol>: OperationObserver {
+    private var willFinish: ((OperationType) -> Void)?
+    private var didFinish: ((OperationType) -> Void)?
+
+    init(willFinish: ((OperationType) -> Void)? = nil, didFinish: ((OperationType) -> Void)? = nil) {
+        self.willFinish = willFinish
+        self.didFinish = didFinish
+    }
+
+    func operationWillFinish(_ operation: OperationType) {
+        self.willFinish?(operation)
+    }
+
+    func operationDidFinish(_ operation: OperationType) {
+        self.didFinish?(operation)
+    }
+}
+
+extension OperationProtocol {
+    func addDidFinishBlockObserver(_ block: @escaping (Self) -> Void) {
+        addObserver(OperationBlockObserver(didFinish: block))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationObserver.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationObserver.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..295b993a10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationObserver.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//
+//  OperationObserver.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+protocol OperationObserver {
+    associatedtype OperationType: OperationProtocol
+
+    func operationWillFinish(_ operation: OperationType)
+    func operationDidFinish(_ operation: OperationType)
+}
+
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationProtocol.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationProtocol.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a41102c265
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OperationProtocol.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//
+//  OperationProtocol.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+protocol OperationProtocol: Operation {
+    /// Add operation observer
+    func addObserver<T: OperationObserver>(_ observer: T) where T.OperationType == Self
+
+    /// Finish operation
+    func finish()
+
+    /// Cancel operation
+    func cancel()
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OutputOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OutputOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..533d5e5151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/OutputOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+//
+//  OutputOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+protocol OutputOperation: OperationProtocol {
+    associatedtype Output
+
+    var output: Output? { get set }
+
+    func finish(with output: Output)
+}
+
+extension OutputOperation {
+    func finish(with output: Output) {
+        self.output = output
+        self.finish()
+    }
+}
+
+private var kOutputOperationAssociatedValue = 0
+extension OutputOperation where Self: OperationSubclassing {
+    var output: Output? {
+        get {
+            return synchronized {
+                return AssociatedValue.get(object: self, key: &kOutputOperationAssociatedValue)
+            }
+        }
+        set {
+            synchronized {
+                AssociatedValue.set(object: self, key: &kOutputOperationAssociatedValue, value: newValue)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extension OperationProtocol where Self: OutputOperation {
+    func addDidFinishBlockObserver(_ block: @escaping (Self, Output) -> Void) {
+        addDidFinishBlockObserver { (operation) in
+            if let output = operation.output {
+                block(operation, output)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/ResultOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/ResultOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ce9c20358
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/ResultOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+//
+//  ResultOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+class ResultOperation<Success, Failure: Error>: AsyncOperation, OutputOperation {
+    typealias Output = Result<Success, Failure>
+
+    private enum Executor {
+        case callback((@escaping (Result<Success, Failure>) -> Void) -> Void)
+        case transform(() -> Result<Success, Failure>)
+    }
+
+    private let executor: Executor
+
+    private init(_ executor: Executor) {
+        self.executor = executor
+    }
+
+    convenience init(_ block: @escaping (@escaping (Output) -> Void) -> Void) {
+        self.init(.callback(block))
+    }
+
+    convenience init(_ block: @escaping () -> Output) {
+        self.init(.transform(block))
+    }
+
+    override func main() {
+        switch executor {
+        case .callback(let block):
+            block { [weak self] (result) in
+                self?.finish(with: result)
+            }
+
+        case .transform(let block):
+            self.finish(with: block())
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+extension ResultOperation where Failure == Never {
+    /// A convenience initializer for infallible `ResultOperation` that automatically wraps the
+    /// return value of the given closure into `Result<Success, Never>`
+    convenience init(_ block: @escaping () -> Success) {
+        self.init(.transform({ .success(block()) }))
+    }
+
+    /// A convenience initializer for infallible `ResultOperation` that automatically wraps the
+    /// value, passed to the given closure, into `Result<Success, Never>`
+    convenience init(_ block: @escaping (@escaping (Success) -> Void) -> Void) {
+        self.init(.callback({ (finish) in
+            block {
+                finish(.success($0))
+            }
+        }))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/RetryOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/RetryOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e73e81d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/RetryOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+//
+//  RetryOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+enum WaitStrategy {
+    case immediate
+    case constant(TimeInterval)
+
+    var iterator: AnyIterator<TimeInterval> {
+        switch self {
+        case .immediate:
+            return AnyIterator { .zero }
+        case .constant(let constant):
+            return AnyIterator { constant }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct RetryStrategy {
+    var maxRetries: Int
+    var waitStrategy: WaitStrategy
+    var waitTimerType: DelayTimerType
+}
+
+class RetryOperation<OperationType, Success, Failure: Error>: AsyncOperation, OutputOperation
+    where OperationType: OutputOperation, OperationType.Output == Result<Success, Failure>
+{
+    typealias Output = OperationType.Output
+
+    private let operationQueue = OperationQueue()
+
+    private let producer: () -> OperationType
+    private let delayIterator: AnyIterator<TimeInterval>
+
+    private var retryCount: Int = 0
+    private let retryStrategy: RetryStrategy
+
+    private var childConfigurator: ((OperationType) -> Void)?
+
+    init(underlyingQueue: DispatchQueue? = nil, strategy: RetryStrategy, producer: @escaping () -> OperationType) {
+        operationQueue.underlyingQueue = underlyingQueue
+        delayIterator = strategy.waitStrategy.iterator
+        retryStrategy = strategy
+        self.producer = producer
+    }
+
+    override func main() {
+        retry()
+    }
+
+    override func operationDidCancel() {
+        operationQueue.cancelAllOperations()
+    }
+
+    private func retry(delay: TimeInterval? = nil) {
+        let child = producer()
+
+        child.addDidFinishBlockObserver { [weak self] (operation) in
+            guard let self = self else { return }
+
+            // Operation finished without output set?
+            guard let result = operation.output else {
+                self.finish()
+                return
+            }
+
+            self.synchronized {
+                guard case .failure(let error) = result,
+                    let delay = self.delayIterator.next(),
+                    self.shouldRetry(error: error) else {
+                    self.finish(with: result)
+                    return
+                }
+
+                self.retryCount += 1
+                self.retry(delay: delay)
+            }
+        }
+
+        synchronized {
+            childConfigurator?(child)
+        }
+
+        if let delay = delay {
+            let delayOperation = DelayOperation(delay: delay, timerType: retryStrategy.waitTimerType)
+
+            child.addDependency(delayOperation)
+            operationQueue.addOperation(delayOperation)
+        }
+
+        operationQueue.addOperation(child)
+    }
+
+    private func setChildConfigurator(_ body: @escaping (OperationType) -> Void) {
+        synchronized {
+            self.childConfigurator = body
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func shouldRetry(error: Failure) -> Bool {
+        return retryCount < retryStrategy.maxRetries && !self.isCancelled
+    }
+
+}
+
+extension RetryOperation: InputOperation where OperationType: InputOperation {
+    typealias Input = OperationType.Input
+
+    func operationDidSetInput(_ input: OperationType.Input?) {
+        setChildConfigurator { (child) in
+            child.input = input
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/TransformOperation.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/TransformOperation.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce2a1617ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/TransformOperation.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+//
+//  TransformOperation.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+class TransformOperation<Input, Output>: AsyncOperation, InputOperation, OutputOperation {
+    private enum Executor {
+        case callback((Input, @escaping (Output) -> Void) -> Void)
+        case transform((Input) -> Output)
+    }
+
+    private let executor: Executor
+
+    private init(input: Input? = nil, executor: Executor) {
+        self.executor = executor
+
+        super.init()
+        self.input = input
+    }
+
+    convenience init(input: Input? = nil, _ block: @escaping (Input, @escaping (Output) -> Void) -> Void) {
+        self.init(input: input, executor: .callback(block))
+    }
+
+    convenience init(input: Input? = nil, _ block: @escaping (Input) -> Output) {
+        self.init(input: input, executor: .transform(block))
+    }
+
+    override func main() {
+        guard let input = input else {
+            self.finish()
+            return
+        }
+
+        switch executor {
+        case .callback(let block):
+            block(input) { [weak self] (result) in
+                self?.finish(with: result)
+            }
+
+        case .transform(let block):
+            self.finish(with: block(input))
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/TransformOperationObserver.swift b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/TransformOperationObserver.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..48fbe02dbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ios/MullvadVPN/Operations/TransformOperationObserver.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//
+//  TransformOperationObserver.swift
+//  MullvadVPN
+//
+//  Created by pronebird on 06/07/2020.
+//  Copyright © 2020 Mullvad VPN AB. All rights reserved.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// A private type erasing observer that type casts the input operation type to the expected
+/// operation type before calling the wrapped observer
+class TransformOperationObserver<S: OperationProtocol>: OperationObserver {
+    private let willFinish: (S) -> Void
+    private let didFinish: (S) -> Void
+
+    init<T: OperationObserver>(_ observer: T) {
+        willFinish = Self.wrap(observer.operationWillFinish)
+        didFinish = Self.wrap(observer.operationDidFinish)
+    }
+
+    func operationWillFinish(_ operation: S) {
+        willFinish(operation)
+    }
+
+    func operationDidFinish(_ operation: S) {
+        didFinish(operation)
+    }
+
+    private class func wrap<U>(_ body: @escaping (U) -> Void) -> (S) -> Void {
+        return { (operation: S) in
+            if let transformed = operation as? U {
+                body(transformed)
+            } else {
+                fatalError("\(Self.self) failed to cast \(S.self) to \(U.self)")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}